At the core of Icosystem's approach are concepts derived from complexity science, which had its origins in the study of non-linear phenomena at MIT and Los Alamos National Laboratory, popularized under the name of "chaos theory." The sciences of complexity are a relatively new but natural way to understand the world.

Prior to the emergence of complexity science, the traditional scientific approach to natural phenomena, popular since Newton's time, was reductionism, which reduces a system to its constituent parts. The reductionist approach is the classical approach to solving business problems, where the constituent parts of a system are understood and changed in isolation before recombination into the whole. Often, this method yielded positive results for certain scenarios.

However today's increasingly interconnected economic ecosystems require in-depth understanding of the inter-relationships among the parts in order to develop a coherent and successful strategy. For this reason, Icosystem uses complexity science as the foundation for its approach.

• Core Science
  • Complexity Science vs. Reductionism
  • Nonlinearity vs. Connectivity
  • Emergence
  • Evolution